Investigation on the Solidification and Phase Transformation in Pb-Free Solders Using In Situ Synchrotron Radiography and Diffraction: A Review

It is widely accepted that further development of Pb-free solder alloys for improved processing and in-service properties next-generation electronics, can be accelerated through a fundamental understanding phase transformation microstructure control in joints. Advanced characterization techniques including synchrotron radiation provide comprehensive toolset to measure the composition, crystallography, morphology, major components alloys. The research using such reviewed detail effects micro-alloy additions on joints, especially those intermetallic phases. discoveries outlined are scientific industrial relevance have implications new alloy composition design reliability lead-free